The existence of human volition cannot be used to justify the theory that there
is a dichotomy of propositions or of truths. Propositions
about metaphysical facts, and propositions about man-made facts, do not have
different characteristics qua propositions. They differ merely in
their subject matter, but then so do the propositions of astronomy and of
immunology. Truths about metaphysical and about man-made facts are learned and
validated by the same process: by observation; and, qua truths, both
are equally necessary. Some facts are not necessary, but all
truths are.
Truth is the identification of a fact of reality. Whether the fact in question
is metaphysical or man-made, the fact determines the truth: if the fact exists,
there is no alternative in regard to what is true. For instance, the fact that
the U.S. has 50 states was not metaphysically necessary—but as long as this is
men’s choice, the proposition that “The U.S. has 50 states” is necessarily
true. A true proposition must describe the facts as they are.
In this sense, a “necessary truth” is a redundancy, and a “contingent truth” a
self-contradiction.